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Цитата: RawonaM от сентября  9, 2009, 09:29И опять смешал язык и письмо 
Разницу между ними носители чувствуют. У которых в идиолекте они не слились. Я вот не чувствую разницу между "прочитать" и "прочесть". Надо наверное один из них уволить из СРЛЯ.

Как-то мы на разных волнах, по всей видимости.
Я говорил о том, что разница между that и which не всегда уловима, да и не всегда важна. "Моя сестра, которая живёт в Мюнхене" - тут непонятно, одна у меня сестра или нет, но во многих случаях это по барабану, собственно, а важно, что она там живёт и, скажем, может послужить проводником в этом городе.

Artemon, it seems there is great confusion among Russian learners of English. The distinction between "that" and "which" is real and important, but your example doesn't work because the that/which distinction doesn't apply in the same way to people, where the use of "who" is universal.

You cannot say: My sister that lives in Munich... (TOTALLY WRONG)

You can only say: My sister, who lives in Munich...

You could say: My sister--the one who lives in Munich--, or my sister in Munich...

The best explanation of who/that/which is found at http://www.bartleby.com/116/205.html. It is 100 years old, but still a correct description of the modern language. He mentions on that page that persons are an exception as "who" is the only choice.

There are some exceptions mentioned in that link, such as where a superlative or "only" intervenes: the only man that I know of. But you can also say "the only man I know of".

The amount of data that has been queued up to send to the mirror copy but has not yet been received by the mirror copy node. This indicates how far 'back level' the mirror copy node is.
Никак не пойму, что такое back level.

Цитата: djwebb1969 от сентября 10, 2009, 10:44The distinction between "that" and "which" is real and important, but your example doesn't work because the that/which distinction doesn't apply in the same way to people, where the use of "who" is universal.

No problem, let's switch to things.
"The car which/that I use now". Does it matter whether it's my only car? Maybe only sometimes, right?

Artemon,

the difference is:

the car (that)I am using now is really my wife's - it specifies the car

"which" has a sort of "by the way" tone - it gives extra information not needed to define car:

this car, which I am using for a business trip next week, belongs to the company - you have already said "this car". No definition of the car is needed. Everyone know which car is being referred to. You just give further information "which, BY THE WAY, I am using for a business trip next week".

The difference may be small, and I can understand your feeling that the whole thing is of no great importance, but if you choose the wrong word, your English will get noticed for the wrong reasons.

I think I read somewhere that the which/that distinction derives from dialectal differences in the Middle Ages. If you read older authors the distribution of which/that can vary a lot from the current modern system. Unfortunately, I find all current textbooks on Middle English totally inadequate, and so I couldn't say i which areas of the country "that" predominated or where "which" predominated, but it may have been something like that.

Okay, thank you, sir.
But I'm still convinced that Romance languages with their unique "que" or whatever made a better choice. Maybe that's also the reason of predomination of "which" or "that" in certain areas: it's definately easier for people not to make distinctions between such situations all the time, and therefore tendency to use only one pronoun looks quite natural, doesn't it?

I can't say for definite that different dialects had different usages, as the textbooks on Middle English and English dialects are so poor that you could not really get any detailed information out of them. But it is definitely the cases that writers, say, 500 years ago, used relative pronouns differently from today. In England many people use "what" as a relative pronoun: the man what I saw yesterday. But I haven't noticed any clear uses of "what" to inform as opposed to define. Another uneducated thing is to say "like what", eg "just like what he said", meaning "just as he said".

Попалось в книжке мутное предложение:

They wash their hands and faces everyday though, as a rule, a little water goes a long way with them

Как перевести выделенную часть?

Цитироватьa little water goes a long way with them

Немного воды им хватает надолго.

О как! Thanx a lot!

Что такое stock performance? Курс акций?

Stock performance is not exactly Курс акций.  It means "how well the stock does". Can you use the word    представление in Russian in this context?

Performance in many contexts:

Whether Johnny goes to university depends on his performance at school [how well he does at school, what his school results are]

The value of the fund depends on the performance of the underlying stocks and shares invested into. [The value of a fund depends on how well the stocks and shares do, depends on the results of their market movements]

The American people are not satisfied with Obama's performance in office [how well he has done, the results he has achieved]

Цитата: djwebb1969 от сентября 16, 2009, 10:44
It means "how well the stock does".

А «доходность ценных бумаг» пойдёт?

Цитата: myst от сентября 16, 2009, 10:57
А «доходность ценных бумаг» пойдёт?

А если это будет минусовой доход? Перформанс может быть в любую сторону.

Цитата: myst от сентября 16, 2009, 10:57

Цитата: djwebb1969 от сентября 16, 2009, 10:44
It means "how well the stock does".

А «доходность ценных бумаг» пойдёт?

No. That is the "return" on the stock, but as Rowena says "performance" is broader. It just means the results .

You can talk of the performance of a whole stockmarket, and not just an individual stock: the Chinese stockmarket's performance improved with the introduction of economic stimulus measures.

Цитата: RawonaM от сентября 16, 2009, 11:01
А если это будет минусовой доход? Перформанс может быть в любую сторону.

Я слышал и про отрицательную доходность.

Цитата: djwebb1969 от сентября 16, 2009, 11:06
No. That is the "return" on the stock, but as Rowena says "performance" is broader. It just means the results .

You can talk of the performance of a whole stockmarket, and not just an individual stock: the Chinese stockmarket's performance improved with the introduction of economic stimulus measures.

«Динамика рынка акций»?

А это случаем не данные по биржевым индексам?

Это очень расхожий термин, а перевода никак не найду.

Цитата: myst от сентября 16, 2009, 12:11
Это очень расхожий термин, а перевода никак не найду.

Ну это ж и не обязательно, что он есть.

Цитата: myst от сентября 16, 2009, 10:25
Что такое stock performance? Курс акций?

Показатели/поведение рынка ценных бумаг.

Цитата: myst от сентября 16, 2009, 10:25
Что такое stock performance? Курс акций?

На РБК используют выражение «Настроение на рынке ценных бумаг». Может, это как раз оно?

Цитировать
http://avernikov.narod.ru/publications/Article_HSE-Corp-fin_governance_and_BoD_Mar08.pdf

Выбор EVA в качестве зависимой переменной удачно решает некоторые методологические проблемы, связанные с особенностями фондового рынка России и низкой пригодностью показателей движения акций (stock performance) как зависимых переменных.

Как вариант ещё встречается "показатель движения курсов акций"

Цитировать
http://www.mirkin.ru/_docs/dissert034.pdf

Также называются облигации, связанные с показателями рынка акций (Stock Performance Exchange-Linked Bonds – SPELBonds).

P.S. Только сейчас я заметил, что Элик уже ответил до меня